{"id":10953,"date":"2024-01-22T13:39:51","date_gmt":"2024-01-22T18:39:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.inuitcircumpolar.com\/uncategorized-iu\/%e1%93%af%e1%93%9a%e1%95%90%e1%94%aa%e1%90%8a%e1%92%a5-%e1%90%83%e1%92%aa%e1%95%95%e1%93%95%e1%95%86%e1%93%82%e1%95%90%e1%92%a5-%e1%91%8e%e1%92%a5%e1%90%85%e1%94%aa%e1%96%85-imo-%e1%90%8a%e1%93%aa\/"},"modified":"2026-02-09T15:05:31","modified_gmt":"2026-02-09T20:05:31","slug":"%e1%93%af%e1%93%9a%e1%95%90%e1%94%aa%e1%90%8a%e1%92%a5-%e1%90%83%e1%92%aa%e1%95%95%e1%93%95%e1%95%86%e1%93%82%e1%95%90%e1%92%a5-%e1%91%8e%e1%92%a5%e1%90%85%e1%94%aa%e1%96%85-imo-%e1%90%8a%e1%93%aa","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.inuitcircumpolar.com\/staging\/news-iu\/%e1%93%af%e1%93%9a%e1%95%90%e1%94%aa%e1%90%8a%e1%92%a5-%e1%90%83%e1%92%aa%e1%95%95%e1%93%95%e1%95%86%e1%93%82%e1%95%90%e1%92%a5-%e1%91%8e%e1%92%a5%e1%90%85%e1%94%aa%e1%96%85-imo-%e1%90%8a%e1%93%aa\/?lang=iu","title":{"rendered":"\u14ef\u14da\u1550\u152a\u140a\u14a5 \u1403\u14aa\u1555\u14d5\u1546\u14c2\u1550\u14a5 \u144e\u14a5\u1405\u152a\u1585 (IMO) \u140a\u14ea\u14da\u1555\u1466\u14f4\u144e\u148d\u1466"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><p style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>\u1403\u14c4\u1450\u1403\u14d0\u14c0\u1466 \u1405\u146d\u1405\u1550\u1455\u1450\u14a5\u1405\u1591\u1583\u144e\u148c\u1466 \u1472\u144e\u14aa\u1528\u158f\u1466 <\/strong><strong>(ICC) \u2013 <\/strong><strong>\u14c4\u1555\u1431\u1546 22, 2023-\u14a5\u14c2\u144c\u1466 <\/strong><\/p><\/h2>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\" style=\"font-size:15px\"><table class=\"has-background\" style=\"background-color:#e5f7ff\"><tbody><tr><td><p>\u14ef\u14da\u1550\u152a\u140a\u14a5 \u1403\u14aa\u1555\u14d5\u1546\u14c2\u1550\u14a5 \u144e\u14a5\u1405\u152a\u1585 (IMO) \u14c4\u14c7\u1583\u1550\u1584\u14ef\u14aa\u152a\u1466 \u1472\u144e\u1466\u14f1\u144e\u1483 \u1431\u14c7\u14f1\u155d\u1555\u1593 \u1472\u14aa\u148b\u152d\u1466\u14f4\u152d\u1583\u1550\u14f1\u14c2 \u14ef\u14da\u1550\u152a\u140a\u14a5 \u140a\u1405\u14ea\u14da\u144e\u1466\u14ef\u14c2\u1550\u14c2\u1483. \u1431\u148d\u1466\u1528\u14f2\u1585 \u1450\u1595\u1593\u1555\u1405\u1466\u14f1\u14c2 \u14ef\u14da\u1550\u152a\u140a\u14a5 \u140a\u1405\u14ea\u14da\u144e\u1466\u14ef\u14c2\u1550\u14c4\u1466 \u1431\u1581\u152d\u14c2\u1483 \u1403\u14da\u1405\u152a\u1581\u144e\u1583\u1550\u14f1\u14c2\u14d7 175-\u14c2\u1483 \u14c4\u14c0\u1466 \u140a\u1555\u1466\u1450\u14ef\u14aa\u14c2\u158f\u14d0\u14c2\u1483, 66 \u1472\u1559\u14aa\u1405\u1583\u144e\u148c\u1466\u1450\u1466 \u144e\u14a5\u1581\u144e\u158f\u1466 (IGOs), \u140a\u14bb\u14aa\u14d7 85 \u1472\u1559\u14aa\u14a8\u14d5\u1593\u1595\u158f\u1450\u1466 \u144e\u14a5\u1405\u152a\u1403\u1466 (NGOs).<br\/>\u1405\u14a5\u140a\u1550\u152a\u140a\u1466 \u14ef\u14da\u1550\u152a\u140a\u14d5\u14ab\u14a5 \u1431\u14c7\u14f1\u1490\u1405\u1557\u1466 \u1403\u1473\u14f2\u1591\u1466\u14f1\u144e\u1483 \u14c4\u14c0\u1466 \u140a\u1555\u1466\u1450\u14ef\u14aa\u14c3\u1466 \u1403\u14aa\u158f\u144e\u148d\u1466 \u140a\u14bb\u14aa\u14d7 IMO \u1431\u1581\u152d\u1583\u1550\u144e\u14ef\u1490\u14f1\u140a\u1550\u14aa\u1466 \u140a\u1550\u1581\u144e\u1583\u1550\u14c2\u14a7\u1466 \u1405\u14a5\u140a\u1550\u152a\u140a\u14c4\u1466 \u1431\u1581\u152d\u14c2\u1483 \u140a\u1405\u14da\u14c2\u158f\u14d0\u14c2\u14d7. \u14f1\u1550\u1581\u1403\u14ef\u14ef\u14aa\u14c2\u1550\u14a7\u1466 \u1450\u146d\u14ef\u14d0\u14c7\u14ef\u140a\u1550\u14c2\u158f\u14d0\u14c2\u1483 \u1431\u1581\u1526\u1466 \u1405\u14a5\u140a\u1550\u152a\u140a\u14c2 \u14c4\u14c0\u1466 \u140a\u1555\u1466\u1450\u14ef\u14aa\u14c2\u158f\u1466\u1455 \u1403\u14aa\u158f\u148d\u1466, \u14c4\u14c0\u1466 \u146d\u14a1\u1490\u1450\u14a1\u1490\u152a\u14f2\u1466 \u14ef\u14da\u1550\u152a\u140a\u14a5 \u1431\u1581\u152d\u14c2\u1483 IMO-\u14a5. \u1403\u14da\u1405\u14c2\u1583\u1550\u14c2\u1585 IMO-\u14a7\u1466 \u1403\u14ea\u14da\u1546\u1405\u1557\u1585 \u144e\u146d\u1405\u144e\u152d\u1583\u1466\u14ef\u140a\u14c2\u1550\u14a7\u1466 \u140a\u1466\u1455\u14c7\u1550\u14ed\u14d5\u14aa\u1466\u152a\u144e\u14c2\u1483 \u14c4\u14c0\u1466 \u140a\u1555\u1466\u1450\u14ef\u14aa\u14c2\u158f\u1466\u1455 \u14c2\u1550\u152a\u144f\u14d0\u14c4 \u14f4\u1433\u144e\u152d\u1405\u14c2\u158f\u14d0\u14c4\u1466 \u144e\u146d\u1405\u144e\u152d\u1405\u1490\u14f1\u140a\u1550\u1450\u14c4\u1466.<br\/>\u14c4\u14c7\u1583\u1550\u1584\u14ef\u14aa\u152a\u1466 \u1472\u144e\u14d0\u14c2\u158f\u1466\u1455 \u140a\u158f\u1583\u144e\u148c\u148d\u144e\u1593 \u1431\u1581\u152d\u14c2 \u1403\u14aa\u1555\u14bb\u14a8\u14d5\u1593\u152a\u14c4\u1466 (UNCLOS) \u144e\u14d5\u1528\u1405\u1583\u144e\u1583\u1550\u14ef\u14aa\u152a\u1585 \u14f4\u14d7\u14a3\u14ea\u14d5\u144e\u1546\u14c2\u1550\u14a8\u14d5\u1593\u152a\u1466 \u1431\u1581\u152d\u158f\u14d0\u14c2\u1483 \u14a5\u146d\u14c2\u1550\u14f4\u1405\u1583\u152d\u1595\u158f\u14aa\u1466 IMO \u1431\u1581\u152d\u158f\u14d0\u14c2\u1483. UNCLOS \u140a\u1405\u14da\u1466\u14ef\u14c2\u1583\u1550\u14a5\u152a\u1585 \u14c4\u14c7\u14c2\u1483 \u1472\u14aa\u148b\u152d\u1583\u1550\u1555\u1405\u152a\u14c2\u1483 \u14c4\u14c0\u1466 \u140a\u1555\u1466\u1450\u14ef\u14aa\u14c2\u158f\u1466\u1455 \u1403\u14aa\u158f\u14d0\u14c2: 12 \u1403\u14ab\u148d\u1466 \u1405\u1593\u14ef\u14d0\u14c2\u1593 \u14c4\u14c7\u1405\u1449 \u140a\u1555\u1466\u1450\u14ef\u14aa\u14c2\u1593\u1455 \u1472\u14aa\u148b\u152d\u1583\u1550\u1555\u1593 \u1403\u14aa\u1550\u14a5 \u1405\u14c4\u1550\u14c2\u1438\u1405\u144e\u14ea\u14d7\u148d 200 \u1405\u1593\u14ef\u14d0\u14c2\u1593 \u140a\u1405\u14da\u1466\u14ef\u1555\u1405\u152a\u1585 \u14c4\u14c0\u1466 \u140a\u1555\u1466\u1450\u14ef\u14aa\u1405\u144e\u158f\u1466\u1455 \u1472\u14aa\u148b\u152d\u1583\u1550\u1555\u158f\u1466 \u14a5\u146d\u14c2\u1550\u14f4\u1405\u144e\u14ea\u14d7\u148b\u1466. <br\/>\u14ef\u14da\u1550\u152a\u140a\u14a5 \u140a\u1405\u14ea\u14da\u144e\u1466\u14ef\u14c2\u1550\u14a5 \u1431\u1581\u1526\u1466 \u1450\u1595\u1593\u1555\u158f\u14d0\u14c2 \u14c4\u14c7\u1583\u1550\u1584\u14ef\u14aa\u152a\u1466 \u1472\u144e\u1466\u14f1\u144e\u1483 \u1431\u152a\u14d0\u14c7\u14c2\u1583\u1550\u1555\u158f\u14d0\u14c2\u1483 \u14c4\u14c7\u1583\u1550\u1584\u14ef\u14aa\u152a\u1466 \u140a\u14bb\u14aa\u14d7 \u1431\u152a\u14d0\u14c7\u14c2\u1583\u1550\u144e\u14ef\u1528\u14bb\u14aa\u1547\u1466, \u14c4\u14c7\u1583\u1550\u14c2\u154b\u1405\u144f\u1466, \u1406\u14aa\u152a\u1550\u14c2\u140a\u14c2\u1550\u14a5 \u1431\u152a\u14d0\u14c7\u1405\u144f\u1466 \u140a\u14bb\u14aa\u14d7 \u14c7\u14bb\u14a5\u14c2\u1585 \u1431\u1548\u1550\u1438\u14d5\u140a\u1548\u14ef\u1583\u1550\u14c2\u158f\u14d0\u14c2\u1483 \u1403\u14c4\u1450\u1403\u14d0\u14c0\u1466. \u140a\u144c\u14d0\u14c7\u1450\u14a5\u1483 \u1403\u14c4\u1450\u1403\u14d0\u14c0\u1466 \u14c2\u1431\u1583\u1550\u14c2\u158f\u1466 IMO-\u14a5 \u1431\u14ea\u14da\u1546\u1405\u1557\u1585 \u14f1\u1550\u1581\u1403\u14ef\u14ef\u14aa\u152d\u1583\u1550\u14c2\u14a7\u1466 \u1403\u14c4\u1450\u1403\u14d0\u14c0\u1466 \u1431\u152a\u14d0\u14c7\u1405\u144e\u1583\u1550\u14c2\u158f\u1466\u1455 \u14f2\u14f1\u148b\u152d\u1405\u14c2\u158f\u14d0\u14c2\u1483 \u1431\u148b\u152d\u1405\u158f\u14d0\u14c7\u14da\u1593\u14d7\u144e\u14ea\u14d7 \u14ef\u1557\u14c2\u1550\u14a5, \u1403\u14c4\u1450\u1403\u14d0\u14c0\u14d7 \u1431\u152a\u14a5\u14c7\u1550\u144e\u14ef\u158f\u14d0\u14c7\u14da\u1593\u14c2\u158f\u14d0\u14c2\u1483 \u1431\u1581\u152d\u1583\u1550\u144e\u14ef\u14c2\u1550\u14a7\u1466 \u140a\u1466\u1455\u14c7\u1550\u1450\u14a8\u1466\u144e\u14ef\u1466\u144c\u14d5\u14c2\u1550\u14a7\u1466 \u1403\u14aa\u1555\u14d0\u14c2\u1483 \u140b\u1550\u157f\u14ef\u14aa\u152a\u14c2\u14ea\u14d7 \u1403\u14c4\u1450\u1403\u14d0\u14c0\u1466 \u1431\u152a\u14d0\u14c7\u14c2\u1583\u1550\u1555\u158f\u14d0\u14c2\u1483.<\/p><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n<p>\u1403\u14c4\u1450\u1403\u14d0\u14c0\u1466 \u1450\u1595\u1593\u1555\u1583\u1550\u1581\u1466 \u1403\u14aa\u1550\u14a5\u1405\u1455\u14c2\u1483 \u14c2\u1550\u152a\u144e\u14c2\u1483 \u144e\u14a5\u1483\u146f\u1466 \u14f2\u1591\u152b\u158f\u14d0\u14c7\u14c2\u1550\u14a7\u1466 \u1403\u14d7\u1550\u1581\u14ef\u1550\u14a5\u14c4\u14ea\u14d7 \u140a\u14bb\u14aa\u14d7, \u146d\u14a1\u1490\u1450\u1550\u144e\u1405\u14f1\u144e\u1483 \u1405\u146d\u1405\u1550\u1455\u1451\u1449 \u1403\u14aa\u1550\u14a5\u1405\u144c\u1466 \u14c2\u1550\u152a\u144e\u158f\u14d0\u14c4\u1466 \u14aa\u14d5\u1466\u14f1\u144e\u14d7 \u14f1\u1550\u1581\u1403\u14ef\u14ef\u14aa\u152d\u1583\u1550\u14c2\u14a7\u1466 \u140a\u146f\u14c3\u14d5\u157f\u152a\u14c4\u1466 \u1403\u14d7\u14ef\u1550\u14f1\u14ef\u140a\u1550\u14c2\u14a5\u1483 \u1431\u1455\u166f\u14d0\u14c7\u14c2\u1550\u14a5\u14d7. \u1403\u14c4\u1450\u1403\u14d0\u14c0\u1466 \u1403\u14d7\u1550\u1581\u14ef\u1483\u146f\u1466 \u140a\u1451\u144e\u14c2\u158f\u1466 \u1432\u1550\u1455\u1405\u1583\u152d\u1595\u158f\u1450\u1483\u146f\u1466 \u1431\u1450\u1466\u14ef\u14aa\u14ea\u14da\u1546\u1550\u1581\u1466 \u1403\u14aa\u1550\u14a7\u1466, \u14ef\u146f\u14d0\u14c4\u1466 \u14ef\u14c8\u158f\u14d0\u14c4\u14d7 \u1403\u14c4\u1403\u1466 \u14c4\u14c8\u14d0\u14c2, \u1403\u14c4\u1450\u1403\u14d0\u14c0\u1466 \u140a\u14c2\u1550\u154b\u1593 \u14c4\u14c7\u1585, \u1455\u14aa\u14d0\u14c7\u14d7 \u1431\u1450\u1466\u14ef\u14aa\u1405\u144e\u14c2\u1585 \u14c4\u1403\u1466\u14ef\u14ef\u14aa\u1557\u1585 \u1431\u1455\u1583\u14da\u157f\u14c2\u1550\u14c2\u1483 \u14c4\u14c7\u1583\u1550\u1584\u14ef\u14aa\u152a\u1466 \u1583\u1405\u1528\u14aa\u1405\u14ef\u158f\u14d0\u14c2\u1483 \u1403\u14ea\u14d5\u1546\u152d\u158f\u14d0\u14c2\u14d7. \u1455\u1490 \u1405\u146d\u1405\u1550\u1455\u1450\u14a5 \u1403\u14aa\u1555\u14d0\u14c2\u1483 \u14f4\u1433\u1466\u1528\u14ef\u14aa\u14c2\u1405\u1449 \u1431\u14ea\u14da\u1546\u1405\u14c2\u1593, \u1403\u14d7\u1550\u1581\u14ef\u166f\u14d0\u14c7\u144e\u1466\u14ef\u14f1\u14c2, \u1583\u1405\u1528\u14aa\u1405\u14ef\u1550\u14c2\u1483 \u1403\u14ea\u14d5\u1546\u152d\u158f\u14d0\u14c2\u14d7, \u140a\u14bb\u14aa\u14d7 \u14ef\u1557\u14c2\u158f\u14d0\u14c4\u1466 \u1403\u14c4\u1450\u1403\u14d0\u14c0\u1466. \u144c\u14a3\u14bb\u14aa\u1466, \u1403\u14c4\u1450\u1403\u14d0\u14c0\u1466 \u1450\u1595\u1593\u1555\u1405\u1466\u14ef\u140a\u1546\u140a\u1583\u1550\u1581\u1466 \u1450\u146d\u1456\u1550\u14c2\u14c5\u14d5\u1593\u152a\u14c2 \u140a\u1405\u14da\u1466\u14ef\u14c2\u1550\u14c4\u14d7 \u1405\u146d\u1405\u1550\u1455\u1450\u14a5 \u1403\u14aa\u1555\u14bb\u14a8\u14d5\u1593\u152a\u14c2\u1483, \u14c4\u14c7\u14d5\u14d0\u14c2\u1466 \u1472\u144e\u1466\u1450\u14c4\u1466 \u14c4\u14c7\u1583\u1550\u1584\u14ef\u14aa\u152a\u14c4\u1466 \u144e\u146d\u14ea\u14d7\u148b\u1466. \u1455\u14aa\u14d0\u14c7 \u1403\u14da\u14d5\u1483 ICC \u1431\u14c7\u14f1\u14d0\u14c2\u158f\u14d0\u14c2\u1483 IMO-\u14a5. ICC \u1455\u146f\u14d0\u14c7\u148d\u14ef\u1583\u1550\u1581\u1585 \u14ef\u1557\u14c2\u1583\u1550\u14c2\u14a7\u1466 \u1431\u1559\u14ea\u14d5\u140a\u1548\u144e\u14d5\u14bb\u14a5\u1483 \u14c7\u14ea\u14d5\u1581\u140a\u1547\u14d0\u14c2\u14a5\u1483 \u1403\u14aa\u1556\u1466 \u1431\u14c7\u14f1\u1466\u1455\u1405\u148d\u144e\u158f\u14d0\u14c2, \u1450\u146d\u14a7\u140a\u1466\u1455\u1405\u144e\u14ea\u14d7\u148b\u1466 \u14c4\u14c7\u1583\u1550\u1584\u14ef\u14aa\u152a\u1466 \u1583\u1405\u1528\u14aa\u1405\u14ef\u158f\u14d0\u14c4\u1466 \u1431\u14ea\u14da\u1546\u14d0\u14c2\u14d7 \u1450\u154c\u1490\u1583\u1550\u14c2\u14c4\u1466 \u1431\u1555\u1466\u14f4\u1583\u1550\u14c2\u1583\u1548\u144e\u158f\u14d0\u14c2\u14d7.  <\/p>\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u144e\u146d\u1405\u144e\u148d\u14aa\u1405\u144e\u1557\u1466 <\/h1>\n\n<p>ICC \u140a\u1455\u158f\u1550\u1450\u146f\u1466 \u146d\u14ea\u14d5\u14ef\u14c2\u140a\u1550\u1555\u1583\u1550\u14c2\u14a7\u1466 \u1583\u14c4\u1403\u1466\u1450\u14a6\u14d0\u14c2\u1593 2025-\u14a7\u1466 \u144e\u146d\u14ea\u14d7\u148d <\/p>\n\n<p><p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u14c4\u1555\u1431\u1546 2021-\u14a5, ICC \u1431\u14da\u1405\u152a\u1557\u1585 \u1403\u14bb\u14aa\u1583\u1405\u144e\u1466\u14f4\u1583\u1548\u144e\u14c2\u1483 NGO-\u146f\u1466 \u146d\u14ea\u14d5\u14ef\u14c2\u140a\u1550\u14c2\u1583\u1548\u144e\u158f\u14d0\u14c4\u1466 IMO-\u14a5 \u14ef\u1557\u14ea\u14d5\u1439\u1595\u1591\u14f1\u14c2 \u14c4\u14c7\u1583\u1550\u1584\u14ef\u14aa\u152a\u1466 \u144e\u14a5\u1405\u152a\u1593\u14c2 \u1431\u144e\u1455\u1405\u1466\u14f1\u14c2 \u144c\u14a3\u1466\u1450\u14a5\u1483 \u1583\u14c4\u1403\u1466\u1451\u14c2\u1583\u1548\u144e\u1583\u1550\u14f1\u14c2. 2023-\u14a5 \u1405\u1431\u1550\u1594\u146f\u1466, IMO \u1472\u144e\u14aa\u1528\u158f\u1466 \u157f\u14a5\u1550\u1548\u14da\u1405\u152a\u1466 \u1403\u14bb\u14aa\u1583\u1405\u144e\u1583\u1548\u144f\u1466 \u1583\u14c4\u1403\u1466\u1451\u14c2\u1593\u14c2\u1483 \u14c4\u1455\u1405\u14ef\u14d5\u1550\u14f1\u148d\u14d7 \u140a\u1550\u154c\u148e\u14d0\u14c4\u1466 \u14aa\u1550\u1549\u14c4\u1466. ICC \u1431\u14c7\u14f1\u14f2\u1591\u14d5\u1550\u1450\u1585 \u1583\u14c4\u1403\u14d8\u1548\u14ef\u1583\u1550\u14c2\u146f\u1466 \u14f1\u1550\u1581\u1403\u14ef\u14ef\u14aa\u14c2\u1550\u14a7\u1466 \u140a\u144c\u14d0\u14c7\u1450\u14a5\u1483 \u1583\u14c4\u1403\u1466\u1450\u14a6\u14d0\u14c2\u1583\u1550\u14c2\u14a7\u1466 2025-\u14a5. IMO-\u146f\u1466 \u1450\u146d\u1456\u1550\u14c2\u158f\u1466 \u14f1\u1550\u1543\u14c2\u1583\u14bb\u14aa\u1546\u14f2\u1591\u1557\u1466 \u140a\u1405\u14ea\u14da\u144e\u1466\u14ef\u148d\u144e\u14c2 \u1403\u14c4\u1450\u1403\u14d0\u14c0\u1466 \u14c4\u14c7\u158f\u14d0\u14c2 \u140a\u1559\u144e\u158f\u14d0\u14c2\u14d7<a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/9FB5C50F-A80D-425C-A2F9-42B096CD7BED#_ftn1\" name=\"_ftnref1\">[1]<\/a>. \u1403\u14c4\u1450\u1403\u14d0\u14c7\u146f\u1466 \u14c2\u1431\u1583\u1550\u14c2\u1585 IMO-\u146f\u1466 \u1472\u144e\u14aa\u14c2\u158f\u14d0\u14c2 \u14f1\u1550\u1581\u1403\u14ef\u14ef\u14aa\u1405\u144e\u1405\u1557\u1585 \u1403\u14c4\u1450\u1403\u14d0\u14c0\u1466 \u1431\u152a\u14d0\u14c7\u14c2\u1583\u1548\u144e\u158f\u1466\u1455 \u146d\u14a1\u1490\u1450\u1550\u1455\u1405\u14c2\u158f\u14d0\u14c2\u1483 \u14c8\u14da\u1466\u1455\u1405\u14d7\u144e\u14d7. 2030-\u14a7\u1466 \u1455\u146f\u14d0\u14c7\u14d7\u14c2, \u1450\u154b\u1490\u14f1\u140a\u1550\u1455\u1405\u152a\u1585 \u1455\u146f\u148d\u14d0\u14c7\u14ef\u148b\u140a\u1550\u14c2\u1405\u152a\u1585 \u140a\u14a5\u14f1\u14c2\u1483 \u14c4\u14c7\u1583\u1550\u1584\u14ef\u14da\u152a\u1466 \u1403\u14bb\u14a5\u148e\u1550\u1450\u1403\u14d7 \u1403\u1449\u1431\u148d\u14f1\u1466\u144e\u1405\u14c2\u1583\u1550\u14c2\u14a7\u1466 \u140a\u1455\u158f\u1550\u1450\u14a5\u1483 IMO-\u146f\u14d0\u14c2. \u1455\u14aa\u14d0\u14c7 \u14c4\u146d\u1583\u1550\u144e\u14ef\u14da\u1593\u152a\u1585 \u14c4\u14c7\u1583\u1550\u1584\u14ef\u14aa\u152a\u14c2\u1483 \u1450\u14c2\u1550\u1548\u144e\u1583\u1550\u14c2\u14a7\u1466 \u1455\u146f\u14d0\u14c7\u1548\u14ef\u1583\u1550\u14c2\u14a5\u14d0\u14c2\u1483 \u1450\u146d\u1456\u1548\u144e\u1583\u1550\u14c2\u14a7\u14ea\u14d7 \u14c2\u1431\u1583\u1550\u14c2\u14c2 \u1403\u14d8\u14d0\u14c8\u148d\u14ea\u14d7 \u1403\u14aa\u1555\u14d5\u1546\u14c2\u1550\u14a5 \u140a\u1405\u14da\u1466\u14ef\u14c2\u1550\u14a5\u1483. \u00a0<\/p>&#13;\n<p><a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/9FB5C50F-A80D-425C-A2F9-42B096CD7BED#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\">[1]<\/a> \u1403\u14c4\u1403\u1466 \u1405\u146d\u1405\u1550\u1455\u1450\u14a5\u1405\u1591\u1583\u144e\u148c\u1466 \u1472\u144e\u14aa\u14aa\u14c2\u1593 2022 \u1403\u14d7\u14ea\u14d5\u14f5\u1466 \u1405\u1583\u14bb\u14aa\u1546\u14d0\u14c2\u1593 \u140a\u14ea\u14da\u14ef\u14aa\u152a\u1466 \u140a\u1555\u1466\u1450\u14ef\u14aa\u14c2\u1593 9<\/p><\/p>\n\n<p><p style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>\u14f1\u1550\u1581\u1403\u14ef\u14ef\u14aa\u14c2\u1585 \u140a\u1450\u14d5\u1550\u144e\u1455\u1405\u14c2\u158f\u14d0\u14c4\u1466 \u14c4\u14c7\u1583\u1550\u1584\u14ef\u14aa\u152a\u1466 \u1583\u1405\u1528\u14aa\u1405\u14ef\u158f\u14d0\u14c2\u1483, \u140a\u1450\u14d5\u1550\u144e\u14ef\u14c2\u1550\u14a7\u1466 UNDRIP-\u14a5\u1483 <\/strong><\/p><\/p>\n\n<p><p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u1403\u14c4\u1450\u1403\u14d0\u14c0\u1466 \u1405\u146d\u1405\u1550\u1455\u1450\u14a5\u1405\u1591\u1583\u144e\u148c\u1466 \u1472\u144e\u14aa\u1528\u158f\u1466 \u1455\u146f\u14d0\u14c7\u1548\u14ef\u1583\u1550\u1581\u1466 \u14c4\u14c7\u1583\u1550\u1584\u14ef\u14aa\u152a\u1466 \u1583\u1405\u1528\u14aa\u1405\u14ef\u158f\u1466\u1455<a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/CBC390D2-9C30-4205-B48C-05CAB724956B#_ftn1\" name=\"_ftnref1\">[2]<\/a> \u140a\u1450\u1550\u1455\u1405\u14c2\u158f\u14d0\u14c2\u1483 \u1403\u14d8\u14d0\u14c8\u148e\u1466 IMO-\u146f\u1466 \u1431\u14c7\u14f1\u1466\u1455\u158f\u14d0\u14c2 2030-\u14a5. \u1455\u14aa\u14d0\u14c7 \u14f4\u1433\u144e\u152d\u1405\u14da\u1593\u1557\u1585 \u1583\u14c4\u1403\u14d8\u1548\u14ef\u1583\u1550\u14c2\u14a7\u1466 \u140a\u1450\u14d5\u1550\u144e\u14ef\u14c2\u1550\u14a5 \u14c4\u14c7\u1583\u1550\u1584\u14ef\u14aa\u152a\u1466 \u1472\u144e\u1466\u14f1\u144e\u1483 \u1405\u1583\u14bb\u14aa\u1546\u14d0\u14c2\u1593\u148d\u1466 \u1431\u152a\u14d0\u14c7\u1405\u144e\u1583\u1548\u144e\u158f\u14d0\u14c2\u1483 \u14c4\u14c7\u1583\u1550\u1584\u14f0\u14aa\u152a\u1466 (UNDRIP). \u140a\u14c2\u148e\u144e\u1466\u14ef\u140a\u14c2\u1593 \u1455\u14aa\u1466\u14f1\u14aa \u1455\u146f\u14d0\u14c7\u1548\u14ef\u1583\u1550\u14c2\u1405\u1449 \u14c2\u1466\u1455\u144e\u1455\u1405\u14ef\u14aa\u148c\u1550\u1450\u1585 \u157f\u14a5\u1550\u1548\u1455\u1405\u14ef\u14aa\u152a\u14c2 \u1403\u14ab\u14c2 \u14f1\u1550\u1559\u14d7\u1583\u14ea\u14d7\u140a\u158f\u14d0\u14c2\u14f4\u1405\u144e\u1466\u14ef\u14c2\u1550\u14a7\u1466 \u1450\u146d\u14a7\u140a\u148d\u144e\u14c2 \u1405\u14a5\u140a\u1550\u152a\u140a\u14c4\u1466 \u1403\u14da\u1583\u14d5\u1550\u1450\u1466 \u14c2\u14ea\u14d5\u1548\u1455\u1405\u144e\u14ea\u14d7\u148b\u1466 \u140a\u1405\u14da\u14c2\u1550\u14a5 \u1583\u14c4\u1403\u1466\u1450\u14a6\u14d0\u14c2\u1583\u1548\u144e\u158f\u14d0\u14c4\u1466 \u1403\u14c4\u1403\u1466 \u14c4\u14c8\u14d0\u14c2 \u1583\u1405\u1528\u1559\u14ea\u14d5\u148b\u140a\u1583\u1550\u14c2\u14a7\u14ea\u14d7 \u140a\u14bb\u14aa\u14d7 \u1403\u14da\u1405\u144e\u1466\u14ef\u14c2\u1550\u14a7\u1466 \u14c4\u14c7\u1583\u1550\u1584\u14ef\u14aa\u152a\u1466 \u1583\u1405\u1528\u14aa\u1405\u14ef\u158f\u14d0\u14c2\u1483. \u1403\u14da\u148b\u140a\u1548\u144e\u148b\u1466\u14f1\u148d, \u1431\u1405\u14ef\u1405\u14ea\u14d7\u146f\u1595\u158f\u1450\u1483\u146f\u1466 \u1450\u14f4\u1405\u14aa\u1583\u144e\u148c\u148d\u144e\u1583\u1550\u14c2\u1585 \u1403\u14ab\u14c2 \u14f1\u1550\u1559\u14d7\u1583\u14ea\u14d7\u140a\u158f\u14d0\u14c2\u14f4\u1405\u144e\u1466\u14ef\u14c2\u1550\u14a7\u1466 \u1403\u14c4\u1403\u1466 \u14c4\u14c8\u1466 \u1403\u14aa\u158f\u14d0\u14c2 \u140a\u1405\u14ea\u14da\u144e\u1455\u1405\u14ef\u14aa\u152a\u1585 IMO-\u146f\u1466 \u1403\u14da\u1405\u152a\u14d5\u14ab\u14c4\u1466 \u1405\u146d\u140a\u1466\u14f4\u1405\u144e\u14ea\u14d7\u148d 2023-\u14a5(MEPC.1-CIRC.907). ICC-\u146f\u1466 \u1431\u14ea\u14da\u1546\u1405\u14da\u1405\u152a\u1557\u1585 \u1583\u14c4\u1403\u14d8\u1550\u144e\u1405\u14c2\u1593 \u1455\u14aa\u1466\u14f1\u14a5\u1593 \u140a\u1451\u144e\u148d\u14d0\u14c7\u14ef\u144e\u1466\u14ef\u14c2\u1550\u14a7\u1466 \u140a\u1450\u14da\u1593\u1466\u14f1\u148d\u14d7 \u140a\u14c2\u148e\u144e\u152d\u1583\u1550\u14c2\u14a7\u1466 \u144c\u14a3\u1466\u1450\u14ed\u14d0\u14c7\u1490\u14da\u14d0\u14c4\u1466 \u140a\u14ef\u1466\u1528\u1450\u1550\u14c2\u1405\u14da\u1593\u152a\u14c4\u1466 IMO-\u146f\u1466 \u140a\u158f\u1583\u144e\u148c\u148d\u144e\u158f\u14d0\u14c2 \u1431\u1581\u152d\u158f\u14d0\u14c2\u14d7 \u1406\u1466\u1451\u144e\u148b\u14d7\u148b\u1466 \u1405\u146d\u1405\u1550\u1455\u1450\u14a5\u1405\u1466 \u14c7\u14d7\u14c0\u1483\u146f\u1455\u1593\u1466. \u1405\u146d\u1405\u1550\u1455\u1450\u14a5\u1405\u1466 \u14c7\u14d7\u14c0\u1483\u146f\u1455\u1593\u1466, \u1403\u14c4\u1450\u1403\u14d0\u14c0\u1466 \u1403\u14da\u1405\u1555\u148b\u14ef\u14aa\u1595\u158f\u1455\u1593 \u1431\u148b\u140a\u1595\u1593\u14c2\u1593\u14c2, IMO-\u1591\u1557\u1466 \u1431\u1581\u152d\u1581\u144e\u158f\u1466 \u14c4\u1403\u1466\u14ef\u14f1\u144e\u1483 \u140b\u1550\u157f\u14ef\u14aa\u1405\u144e\u1593\u14c2\u1483, \u14f4\u14c7\u152d\u1405\u14c2\u1593\u14c2\u1483, \u1431\u1405\u1483\u146f\u144e\u158f\u14d0\u14c2\u1483, \u140a\u1405\u14da\u14c2\u158f\u14d0\u14c2\u1483, \u1431\u148b\u1405\u1550\u14f4\u144e\u1466\u14ef\u14c2\u158f\u14d0\u14c2\u1483, \u1583\u1405\u1528\u1490\u14f1\u140a\u1550\u14c2\u14a5, \u1405\u1403\u14aa\u14c7\u1550\u1450\u14d5\u1546\u14c2\u1550\u14a5\u14ea\u14d7 \u140a\u14bb\u14aa\u14d7 \u14c2\u1550\u152a\u144e\u14c2\u1483 \u14f4\u1433\u1466\u1528\u14c2\u1550\u14a5 \u14c8\u14bb\u14aa\u1450\u14c4\u1466 \u1405\u14a5\u140a\u1550\u152a\u140a\u1466 \u140a\u1405\u14da\u1455\u1405\u14c2\u158f\u14d0\u14c4\u1466 \u1405\u146d\u1405\u1550\u1455\u1450\u14a5 \u1403\u14da\u1555\u158f\u14d0\u14c2. \u157f\u14a5\u1550\u1548\u152d\u1405\u14c2\u1593 \u1405\u146d\u1405\u1550\u1455\u1450\u14a5\u1405\u1466 \u14c7\u14c4\u14c0\u1483\u146f\u1455\u1593\u1455<a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/CBC390D2-9C30-4205-B48C-05CAB724956B#_ftn2\" name=\"_ftnref2\">[3]<\/a> \u1455\u146f\u14d0\u14c7\u1455\u1405\u148d\u144e\u1583\u1550\u1450\u1585 \u1450\u1595\u1593\u1555\u1405\u144e\u14ea\u14d7\u148d IMO-\u146f\u1466 \u1431\u14c7\u14f2\u144e\u148b\u152d\u1593\u14c2 \u1450\u146d\u14ef\u14d0\u14c7\u14c2\u1550\u14f4\u1405\u14c2\u1483\u146f\u1466 \u1403\u14da\u1405\u14c2\u1583\u1550\u144e\u14ef\u14c2\u1550\u14a7\u1466 \u1403\u14c4\u1450\u1403\u14d0\u14c0\u1466 \u1455\u146f\u14d0\u14c7\u1548\u14ef\u158f\u14d0\u14c2\u1483, \u14c4\u14c7\u1583\u1550\u1584\u14ef\u14aa\u152a\u1466 \u1583\u1405\u1528\u14aa\u1405\u14ef\u158f\u14d0\u14c2\u1483, \u1403\u14f1\u14d5\u155d\u1555\u158f\u1466\u1455 \u1403\u14da\u148b\u152d\u1405\u144e\u14ea\u14d7\u148b\u1466 \u1403\u14c4\u1403\u1466 \u14c4\u14c8\u1466, \u14c4\u1455\u1405\u14ef\u14d5\u1550\u14ef\u14aa\u152a\u14ea\u14d7 \u1405\u146d\u1405\u1550\u1455\u1450\u14a5 \u14c2\u1550\u152a\u144f\u1466 \u140b\u1550\u157f\u14ef\u14aa\u1405\u144e\u158f\u1466\u1455 \u14f4\u1433\u144e\u152d\u1405\u14c2\u158f\u1466 \u140a\u1466\u1455\u14c7\u1550\u144c\u14d5\u14aa\u1405\u144e\u1583\u1550\u14c2\u14a7\u14ea\u14d7 \u1450\u1595\u1593\u1555\u158f\u1466. \u00a0<\/p>&#13;\n<p><a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/CBC390D2-9C30-4205-B48C-05CAB724956B#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\">[2]<\/a> \u1403\u14c4\u1403\u1466 \u1405\u146d\u1405\u1550\u1455\u1450\u14a5\u1405\u1591\u1583\u144e\u148c\u1466 \u1472\u144e\u14aa\u14aa\u14c2\u1593 2022 \u1403\u14d7\u14ea\u14d5\u14f5\u1466 \u1405\u1583\u14bb\u14aa\u1546\u14d0\u14c2\u1593 \u140a\u14ea\u14da\u14ef\u14aa\u152a\u1466 \u140a\u1555\u1466\u1450\u14ef\u14aa\u14c2\u1593 29<\/p>&#13;\n<p><a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/CBC390D2-9C30-4205-B48C-05CAB724956B#_ftnref2\" name=\"_ftn2\">[3]<\/a> \u1403\u14c4\u1403\u1466 \u1405\u146d\u1405\u1550\u1455\u1450\u14a5\u1405\u1591\u1583\u144e\u148c\u1466 \u1472\u144e\u14aa\u14aa\u14c2\u1593 2022 \u1403\u14d7\u14ea\u14d5\u14f5\u1466 \u1405\u1583\u14bb\u14aa\u1546\u14d0\u14c2\u1593 \u140a\u14ea\u14da\u14ef\u14aa\u152a\u1466 \u140a\u1555\u1466\u1450\u14ef\u14aa\u14c2\u1593 38<\/p><\/p>\n\n<p><p style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>GHG<\/strong> <strong>\u14a5\u146d\u152b\u148b\u140a\u1550\u144e\u1455\u1405\u14c2\u1593\u14c4\u1466 \u1583\u14c4\u1403\u14d8\u1548\u14ef\u1585 \u1450\u1595\u1593\u1555\u14d5\u1550\u1450\u14f4\u1405\u14aa\u152a\u1585 \u14c7\u14ea\u14d5\u1581\u140a\u1547\u1550\u14c2\u146f\u1466 \u140a\u14ef\u1466\u1528\u14c2\u1550\u14a5 \u1450\u1595\u1593\u1555\u14bb\u14a7\u1466 \u14c4\u14c7\u1583\u1550\u1584\u14ef\u14aa\u152a\u1466 \u1450\u1466\u1455\u1555\u1405\u144e\u14ea\u14d7\u148b\u1466 <\/strong><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p><\/p>\n\n<p><p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">ICC-\u146f\u1466 \u140a\u158f\u1550\u14ef\u14aa\u1557\u1466 \u14f4\u1433\u1466\u1528\u14c2\u1550\u14a7\u1466 \u1403\u14d8\u14d0\u14c8\u148d\u1466 \u140a\u14c2\u1550\u14c2\u14f4\u14a7\u1466 \u1431\u1405\u1595\u158f\u14c2\u1583\u1595\u158f\u14c2\u1550\u14f4\u146f\u1466 \u140a\u1405\u14ea\u14da\u144e\u1466\u14ef\u14c2\u1550\u14c2\u1483<a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/55F0F1BA-16C2-4CA8-B263-6F9E6F2777A2#_ftn1\" name=\"_ftnref1\"><sup>[4]<\/sup><\/a> \u140a\u14bb\u14aa\u14d7 \u1431\u1548\u1550\u14f0\u1555\u1405\u1449 \u140a\u14c2\u1550\u14c2\u14f4\u1593\u14c2\u1483 (GHG) \u1431\u1455\u1583\u1595\u158f\u14c2\u1550\u14f4\u1405\u144e\u1466\u14ef\u14c2\u1550\u14a7\u1466 \u1583\u14c4\u1403\u14d8\u1548\u14ef\u1583\u1550\u14c2\u14c4\u1466 \u1450\u1595\u1593\u1555\u14d5\u14bb\u14a5\u1483 \u14c7\u14ea\u14d5\u1581\u140a\u1547\u14d0\u14c2\u146f\u1466 \u140a\u14ef\u1466\u1528\u14c2\u1550\u14a7\u1466 \u1450\u1595\u1593\u1555\u1583\u1550\u14c2\u14a7\u1466. \u1455\u14aa\u14d0\u14c7 \u1450\u1595\u1593\u1555\u1483 \u14ef\u1557\u14ea\u14d5\u1438\u1405\u144e\u1466\u14ef\u148b\u140a\u14d5\u1483 \u157f\u146d\u1550\u1456\u1548\u1550\u14a5 \u1431\u1559\u14ea\u14d5\u140a\u14c2\u1550\u14c2 \u14c4\u14c0\u1466 \u140a\u1466\u1555\u1450\u14ef\u14aa\u14c2\u1550\u14c2 (SIDS),\u1431\u1559\u14ea\u14d5\u140a\u14ef\u14aa\u1595\u158f\u14c2\u1550\u1439\u14c2 \u14c4\u14c7\u14bb\u14aa\u1546\u14d0\u14c2 (LDCs), \u140a\u14bb\u14aa\u14d7 \u14c4\u14c7\u1583\u1550\u1584\u14ef\u14aa\u152a\u1466, \u1403\u14da\u1405\u144e\u14ea\u14d7\u148b\u1466 \u146e\u14c7\u1405\u152d\u1583\u1550\u144e\u14ef\u14c2\u1483\u146f\u1466 \u14f4\u1433\u1466\u1528\u148d\u144f\u1466 \u1403\u1472\u152a\u1550\u14ef\u14c2\u1550\u14a7\u1466 \u1455\u14aa\u1483\u146f\u14c2\u1593 \u14c4\u14c7\u1583\u1550\u1584\u14ef\u14aa\u152a\u14c2\u1483 \u140a\u14ef\u1466\u1528\u14c2\u1550\u14a7\u1466 \u14c4\u1591\u144e\u1546\u1595\u158f\u14c2\u1550\u14f4\u14c4\u1466 \u140a\u14c2\u1550\u14c2\u14f4\u146f\u14ea\u14d7 \u1431\u1405\u1595\u158f\u14c2\u1583\u1595\u158f\u14c2\u1550\u14f4\u146f\u1466 \u1406\u14aa\u1490\u14f1\u140a\u1548\u144e\u1583\u1550\u14c2\u14c2. ICC-\u146f\u1466 \u14f1\u154c\u1490\u14f1\u140a\u1550\u1455\u1593 \u14f4\u1433\u1466\u1528\u14c2\u1405\u1557\u1585 50%-\u14aa\u1546\u14d0\u14c4\u1466 \u1431\u1548\u1550\u14f0\u1555\u1483\u146f\u1466 \u140a\u14c2\u1550\u14c2\u14f4\u1550\u14d7\u146f\u1583\u1595\u158f\u14c2\u1550\u14f4\u1405\u144e\u1466\u14ef\u14c2\u1550\u14a7\u1466 2030-\u14a5 \u140a\u14bb\u14aa\u14d7 \u1403\u14d8\u14d0\u14c8\u148d\u1466 \u140a\u14c2\u1550\u14c2\u14f4\u1483\u146f\u1466 \u1431\u1405\u1595\u158f\u14c2\u1550\u14f4\u1583\u1595\u158f\u14c2\u1550\u14f4\u1405\u144e\u1466\u14ef\u14c2\u1550\u14a7\u1466 \u1405\u14a5\u140a\u1550\u152a\u140a\u14c2 2040-\u14a5. \u1455\u14aa\u1466\u14f1\u14a7\u1593 \u144e\u146d\u1405\u144e\u152d\u1583\u1550\u14c2\u14a7\u1466, ICC-\u146f\u1466 \u1403\u14d5\u152d\u1405\u1581\u1528\u1490\u152d\u1550\u1450\u1466 \u140a\u14c4\u1546\u14a7\u1466 \u140a\u1405\u14da\u1455\u1405\u1490\u14da\u14d0\u14c2\u14d5\u14d0\u14c2\u1483 \u140a\u14a5\u14f2\u14c2\u1550\u14ed\u1466 \u1405\u14a5\u140a\u1550\u152a\u140a\u1466 \u14f4\u14c7\u152d\u1405\u14c2\u158f\u14d0\u14c4\u1466 \u146d\u14a1\u1490\u1450\u1550\u14c2\u14a7\u14ea\u14d7 \u140a\u1451\u144e\u1583\u1466\u14ef\u140a\u1450\u14c2\u1483 \u1431\u1405\u14ef\u148b\u140a\u1548\u144e\u1583\u1550\u14c2\u14c4\u1466 \u14f1\u1472\u1466\u1450\u14a5\u1483 \u14c4\u1591\u144e\u1546\u14c2\u1550\u14f4\u14c4\u1466 \u1433\u152a\u1550\u14c2\u1483 \u140a\u14c2\u140a\u144e\u1546\u14c2\u1550\u14c2 \u140a\u1405\u14da\u1405\u144e\u14c2. ICC-\u146f\u1466 \u1403\u1449\u1431\u148b\u152d\u1583\u14d7\u140a\u1595\u1591\u140a\u14a5\u152a\u1466 \u1431\u14ea\u14da\u1546\u1405\u14c2\u1593\u14c2\u1483 \u140a\u1450\u14d5\u1550\u144e\u14ef\u14c2\u1550\u14a5 \u140a\u1450\u1550\u1455\u1405\u1546\u140a\u1583\u1595\u158f\u144e\u1455\u1405\u14c2\u158f\u14d0\u14c4\u1466 \u1405\u1550\u14f1\u140a\u14d7\u1466\u1450\u1450\u1466 (HFO) 2024-\u14a5, \u14ef\u14da\u1550\u152a\u140a\u14d5\u14ab\u14a5 \u140a\u1450\u1550\u1583\u1526\u1550\u144e\u1455\u1405\u152a\u1466\u14f4\u1405\u144e\u14ea\u14d7\u148b\u1466 2030-\u14a5. \u146d\u1591\u14ea\u14d5\u1439\u14a5, ICC-\u146f\u1466 \u1455\u146f\u14d0\u14c7\u1591\u140a\u1550\u1450\u1466 2030-\u14a5 \u14c4\u1591\u144e\u1550\u1455\u1405\u1490\u152d\u1550\u144e\u14d7\u148b\u1466 \u157f\u1550\u14c2\u1455\u1405\u1449 \u140a\u14c2\u1550\u14c2\u14f4\u14a7\u1466 \u1433\u152a\u14f2\u1466<a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/55F0F1BA-16C2-4CA8-B263-6F9E6F2777A2#_ftn2\" name=\"_ftnref2\">[5]<\/a> \u1405\u14a5\u140a\u1550\u152a\u140a\u14c2\u1466, \u1433\u152b\u1466\u14f1\u14c2 \u140a\u14c2\u140a\u152d\u1405\u152a\u1585 \u140a\u1405\u14da\u1405\u144f\u1466 \u140a\u1405\u14da\u14c2\u158f\u14d0\u14c4\u1466. \u1455\u14aa\u14d0\u14c7 \u1583\u1405\u1528\u14aa\u152d\u1405\u148d\u14ef\u1583\u14f2\u1585 \u14f1\u1472\u14d0\u14c2\u14f4\u14a5\u1483 \u140a\u1405\u14ed\u14f2\u1591\u144e\u14ea\u14d7\u148d \u14ef\u146f\u14d0\u14c2\u1483 \u140a\u1433\u144e\u14a5\u14ea\u14d7 \u140a\u14c2\u140a\u152d\u1550\u14f1\u14c2. \u1403\u14da\u148b\u140a\u1548\u144e\u148b\u1466\u14f1\u148d, \u140a\u14c2\u140a\u152d\u1550\u1455\u1405\u152a\u1466 \u14a5\u146d\u152a\u140a\u1431\u1405\u1466\u14f1\u144e\u1483 \u14c2\u1548\u14a5\u1466\u1451\u158f\u14d0\u14c7\u14f2\u1466 \u14ef\u157f\u14d0\u14c2\u152e\u1550\u14c2\u14a7\u14ea\u14d7 \u14c2\u1466\u1455\u1555\u1405\u14c2\u1550\u14a5\u14c4\u1466 \u14c2\u1548\u14a6\u14d0\u14c7\u14f1\u144e\u1483, \u140a\u14c2\u1550\u14c2\u14a5\u1483 \u1405\u1550\u1582\u152b\u144e\u1466\u14ef\u14da\u157f\u1466\u14f1\u144e\u1483 \u140a\u1559\u144e\u158f\u14d0\u14c2 \u1433\u152a\u1550\u1555\u1405\u1449 \u1431\u1405\u1595\u158f\u14d5\u1550\u144e\u1546\u1466\u14f1\u144e\u14d7 \u1403\u14aa\u1555\u14bb\u14a5\u1483 \u140a\u14c2\u140a\u152d\u1550\u1455\u158f\u1466 \u1403\u1550\u1583\u14a5 \u1472\u144e\u1550\u14f1\u14aa\u1455.\u00a0<\/p>&#13;\n<p><a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/55F0F1BA-16C2-4CA8-B263-6F9E6F2777A2#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\"><sup>[4]<\/sup><\/a>\u1403\u14c4\u1403\u1466 \u1405\u146d\u1405\u1550\u1455\u1450\u14a5\u1405\u1591\u1583\u144e\u148c\u1466 \u1472\u144e\u14aa\u14aa\u14c2\u1593 2022 \u1403\u14d7\u14ea\u14d5\u14f5\u1466 \u1405\u1583\u14bb\u14aa\u1546\u14d0\u14c2\u1593 \u140a\u14ea\u14da\u14ef\u14aa\u152a\u1466 \u140a\u1555\u1466\u1450\u14ef\u14aa\u14c2\u1593 24<\/p>&#13;\n<p><a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/55F0F1BA-16C2-4CA8-B263-6F9E6F2777A2#_ftnref2\" name=\"_ftn2\">[5]<\/a> \u1403\u14c4\u1403\u1466 \u1405\u146d\u1405\u1550\u1455\u1450\u14a5\u1405\u1591\u1583\u144e\u148c\u1466 \u1472\u144e\u14aa\u14aa\u14c2\u1593 2022 \u1403\u14d7\u14ea\u14d5\u14f5\u1466 \u1405\u1583\u14bb\u14aa\u1546\u14d0\u14c2\u1593 \u140a\u14ea\u14da\u14ef\u14aa\u152a\u1466 \u140a\u1555\u1466\u1450\u14ef\u14aa\u14c2\u1593 32<\/p><\/p>\n\n<p><p style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>\u14c4\u1591\u144e\u1546\u148b\u140a\u1550\u14c2\u1585 \u1405\u1550\u14f1\u140a\u14d7\u14d0\u14c2\u1483 \u1403\u14f1\u1550\u1450\u14a5\u14ea\u14d7 \u14f4\u14d7\u14a3\u14ea\u14d5\u144e\u1546\u152a\u14c2\u1483<\/strong><a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/904D0F73-1E09-4FEF-BB51-FFA08A71C537#_ftn1\" name=\"_ftnref1\"><strong>[6]<\/strong><\/a> <strong>\u1403\u14d8\u14d0\u14c8\u148d\u1466 2030-\u14a5, \u1403\u1449\u1431\u148b\u152d\u1583\u1550\u14d7\u14c2 \u157f\u144e\u1550\u1583\u14d7\u140a\u1593\u14c4\u1466 \u1403\u14aa\u1550\u14a5 \u14f1\u1550\u1559\u14d7\u1583\u1595\u158f\u14c2\u1550\u14f4\u1405\u144e\u1466\u14ef\u14c2\u1550\u14a7\u1466 \u1455\u14a1\u1490\u14c2\u1466\u14ed\u14c7\u1585 \u140a\u1550\u154c\u148d\u14a5, \u14ef\u1557\u14ea\u14d5\u1438\u1405\u144e\u152d\u1405\u144e\u14ea\u14d7\u148d \u1405\u146d\u1405\u1550\u1455\u1450\u1585 <\/strong><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>&#13;\n<p><a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/904D0F73-1E09-4FEF-BB51-FFA08A71C537#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\">[6]<\/a> \u1403\u14c4\u1403\u1466 \u1405\u146d\u1405\u1550\u1455\u1450\u14a5\u1405\u1591\u1583\u144e\u148c\u1466 \u1472\u144e\u14aa\u14aa\u14c2\u1593 2022 \u1403\u14d7\u14ea\u14d5\u14f5\u1466 \u1405\u1583\u14bb\u14aa\u1546\u14d0\u14c2\u1593 \u140a\u14ea\u14da\u14ef\u14aa\u152a\u1466 \u140a\u1555\u1466\u1450\u14ef\u14aa\u14c2\u1593 38<\/p><\/p>\n\n<p><p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u14c4\u1591\u144e\u1546\u148b\u140a\u1550\u14c2\u1585 \u1403\u14f1\u140a\u1550\u14d7\u1466\u1450\u1450\u14c2\u1483 \u1405\u14a5\u140a\u1550\u152a\u140a\u14c2\u1483, \u140a\u14c2\u140a\u144e\u1546\u14f2\u14c2\u1483 \u14f1\u1483\u146f\u14c7\u1550\u1450\u1455\u14d5\u14d0\u14c2\u1483<a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/3B212549-B98D-42EF-B79D-A57A4562EA02#_ftn1\" name=\"_ftnref1\">[7]<\/a> \u1403\u14aa\u1555\u14bb\u14a7\u1466, \u1431\u14ea\u14da\u1546\u1405\u152a\u1585 \u1403\u14c4\u1450\u1403\u14d0\u14c0\u1466 \u1403\u14d7\u14ef\u1550\u14f1\u14ef\u140a\u1550\u14c2\u158f\u14d0\u14c4\u1466 \u14c2\u157f\u1583\u1550\u14c2\u146f\u14ea\u14d7 \u140a\u1466\u1455\u14c0\u1466\u1450\u14a6\u14d0\u14c2\u14a7\u1466. \u1405\u14a5\u140a\u1550\u152a\u140a\u14c2 \u1431\u152a\u1466 \u14f1\u1483\u146f\u144e\u1550\u14c7\u1450\u1466 \u14f1\u1550\u1543\u1548\u14d0\u14c7\u1450\u1466 \u1403\u14aa\u1555\u1405\u1449 \u1406\u14aa\u152a\u1581\u144e\u158f\u14d0\u14c2\u1483 \u140a\u1466\u1455\u14c7\u1548\u14d0\u14c7\u14f1\u144e\u14d7 \u1403\u14c4\u1450\u1403\u14d0\u14c0\u1466 \u1431\u1466\u14f4\u1456\u1550\u1555\u148b\u14f2\u158f\u14d0\u14c4\u1466 \u1431\u14ea\u14da\u1546\u14d0\u14c4\u1466. \u00a0<\/p>&#13;\n<p><a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/3B212549-B98D-42EF-B79D-A57A4562EA02#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\">[7]<\/a> \u1403\u14c4\u1403\u1466 \u1405\u146d\u1405\u1550\u1455\u1450\u14a5\u1405\u1591\u1583\u144e\u148c\u1466 \u1472\u144e\u14aa\u14aa\u14c2\u1593 2022 \u1403\u14d7\u14ea\u14d5\u14f5\u1466 \u1405\u1583\u14bb\u14aa\u1546\u14d0\u14c2\u1593 \u140a\u14ea\u14da\u14ef\u14aa\u152a\u1466 \u140a\u1555\u1466\u1450\u14ef\u14aa\u14c2\u1593 38<\/p><\/p>\n\n<p>ICC \u1455\u146f\u14d0\u14c7\u1591\u140a\u1550\u14c2\u14d5\u1483 \u157f\u144e\u1550\u1583\u14d7\u140a\u158f\u14d0\u14c4\u1466 \u1403\u14aa\u1550\u14a5 \u14f1\u1550\u1559\u14d7\u1583\u1595\u158f\u14c2\u1550\u14f4\u1405\u144e\u1466\u14ef\u14c2\u1550\u14a7\u1466 (URN) 2030-\u14a5 \u1405\u14a5\u140a\u1550\u152a\u140a\u14c2, \u1403\u1449\u1431\u148b\u152d\u1405\u14d7\u140a\u1595\u1591\u140a\u144e\u14ea\u14d7\u148d \u1405\u146d\u1405\u1550\u1455\u1450\u1585. URN \u1450\u14f4\u1550\u14f4\u146f\u1466 \u1405\u14da\u1431\u1455\u1405\u14d0\u14c7\u1451\u1557\u1585 \u1405\u14a5\u140a\u1550\u152a\u140a\u14c2\u1466 \u1405\u14da\u1431\u1466\u1450\u14c2\u1483 \u1450\u14f4\u1405\u14aa\u1583\u144e\u148c\u14d0\u14c2\u14c2\u1483, \u14c2\u157f\u1466\u14f4\u14ef\u1405\u1550\u14c2\u14c2\u1483, \u157f\u1450\u1550\u158f\u1405\u14c2\u158f\u14d0\u14c2\u1483 \u14c2\u1550\u152a\u144f\u1466 \u1403\u14c4\u1450\u1403\u14d0\u14c0\u1466 \u140a\u14a5\u14f1\u1466 \u1431\u1466\u14f4\u1456\u1550\u1555\u158f\u1466. \u1403\u14da\u148b\u140a\u1550\u14f1\u148d, ICC \u1403\u14d5\u1455\u1550\u14ef\u14c2\u1583\u1550\u1450\u1585 \u1431\u1405\u152a\u1483\u146f\u1466 \u14f1\u1550\u1543\u14c2\u158f\u14d0\u14c2\u1483 \u14f1\u1472\u1466\u1450\u1403\u1466 \u1431\u1455\u1583\u1595\u158f\u14c2\u1550\u14f4\u1405\u14c2\u158f\u14d0\u14c2\u1483 \u14f1\u1550\u1559\u1583\u1550\u14c2\u14a5 \u140a\u14bb\u14aa\u14d7 GHG \u1433\u152a\u1550\u1450\u1466 \u140a\u14c2\u140a\u152d\u1550\u1455\u1405\u14c2\u158f\u14d0\u14c2. \u14c4\u1591\u144e\u1546\u148b\u140a\u1550\u14c2\u146f\u1466 \u14f1\u1472\u14d0\u14c2\u158f\u14d0\u14c2\u1483 \u1405\u14a5\u140a\u1550\u152a\u140a\u1466 \u14ef\u14da\u1550\u152a\u140a\u14a5, \u1455\u142f\u1550\u14c7\u1451\u1466\u14f1\u14c2 50%-\u1593\u14c4\u1466 \u14c4\u1591\u144e\u1546\u148b\u140a\u1550\u14c2\u1585 GHG \u140a\u14c2\u140a\u152d\u1550\u1455\u158f\u14d0\u14c2\u1483 \u144e\u146d\u1405\u144e\u152d\u1405\u148d\u14d0\u14c7\u14ef\u140a\u1550\u1450\u1585, \u14c4\u1591\u144e\u1550\u1455\u1405\u14c2\u158f\u14ea\u14d7 \u1403\u14aa\u1550\u14a5 \u14f1\u1550\u1559\u14d7\u1403\u1466 \u14c4\u1591\u1550\u144e\u1455\u1405\u148b\u140a\u1550\u14c2\u158f\u1466 \u1405\u14a5\u140a\u1550\u152a\u140a\u1466.  <\/p>\n\n<p>\u144c\u14aa, \u1432\u1550\u1438\u14d5\u140a\u14c2\u1585 \u1403\u14aa\u1405\u1466\u14f1\u14c2 \u1405\u1550\u14f1\u140a\u14d7\u14bb\u14a5\u1466  (LNG) \u1403\u14db\u148d\u1466 \u1403\u158f\u1550\u154b\u1405\u144e\u14c4\u1466 \u1405\u1550\u14f1\u140a\u14d8\u144e\u14ea\u14d7\u148d \u1431\u152d\u1405\u1466\u14f4\u1405\u144e\u148b\u148b\u140a\u14d5\u1483 \u1583\u14bb\u14a5\u1405\u148d\u14d0\u14c7\u1555\u14d5\u14ab\u1483\u146f\u1466. LNG \u140a\u158f\u152a\u14bb\u14aa\u1546\u14bb\u14a5\u1483 \u140a\u14c2\u1550\u14c2\u14f4\u1483\u146f\u1466 \u1431\u1405\u1595\u158f\u14c2\u1583\u1550\u1581\u1585, \u140a\u1450\u154b\u1466\u14f4\u1405\u14ef\u140a\u1595\u158f\u14c2\u1550\u14f4\u1405\u14da\u157f\u1466\u14f1\u14c2 \u1403\u14aa\u1483\u146f\u1466 \u140a\u1405\u14da\u152a\u1466 \u1431\u14c7\u14f2\u144e\u158f\u14d0\u14c4\u1466, \u1405\u146d\u1405\u1550\u1455\u1450\u14a5 \u1431\u14d7\u140a\u1550\u1450\u14a5\u1483 \u14ef\u14da\u1405\u1449 \u140a\u14ef\u1466\u1528\u1438\u14ea\u14d5\u140a\u14c2\u1593\u14c4\u1466 \u14f1\u1550\u154b\u1455\u1405\u14aa\u14c2\u1550\u1439\u14c2.  <\/p>\n\n<p><p style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>\u1403\u14c4\u1450\u1403\u14d0\u14c0\u1466 \u140a\u1450\u14a1\u1490\u152a\u14f2\u158f\u14d0\u14c2\u1483 \u14c7\u152b\u144e\u1583\u1550\u144c\u14d5\u14c2\u1585 \u140b\u1550\u157f\u14ef\u14aa\u1405\u144e\u1583\u1546\u140a\u14d6\u14ea\u14d7 \u14c4\u1403\u1466\u14ef\u148b\u140a\u1595\u1593\u144c\u14d5\u14c2\u1550\u14a7\u1466 \u14c4\u1591\u144e\u1546\u148d\u14d0\u14c7\u1450\u14c2\u1483 \u1406\u14aa\u152a\u14c2\u1483 \u1431\u14ea\u14da\u1546\u1405\u1557\u1466 \u1405\u14a5\u140a\u1550\u152a\u140a\u14c4\u1466 \u14f1\u1550\u154b\u1455\u1405\u14ea\u14d7\u140a\u144c\u14d5\u144e\u1466\u14ef\u14c2\u1550\u14a7\u1466 \u1403\u14c4\u1403\u1466 \u14c4\u14c8\u14d0\u14c2. <\/strong><\/p><\/p>\n\n<p><p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u1431\u14ea\u14da\u1546\u1405\u1557\u1585 \u1405\u14a5\u140a\u1550\u152a\u140a\u1583\u1550\u144e\u14ef\u1466\u144c\u14d5\u14c2\u1550\u14a7\u1466<a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/12B2D17E-4475-4CBF-8A2D-884E42C48DB9#_ftn1\" name=\"_ftnref1\">[8]<\/a> \u140a\u1466\u1455\u14c7\u1550\u14ef\u14f4\u1405\u144e\u148b\u148d\u14d0\u14c7\u1450\u14c2, \u1431\u1455\u1583\u14d7\u140a\u1550\u14c2\u14a5 \u1403\u14c4\u1450\u1403\u14d0\u14c0\u14d7 \u140a\u1450\u14a1\u1490\u152a\u1550\u1455\u158f\u14d0\u14c2 \u14f1\u1550\u1543\u14c2\u1583\u14ea\u14d7\u140a\u144c\u14d5\u14c2\u1550\u14a7\u1466 \u1403\u14c4\u1403\u1466 \u14c4\u14c8\u14d0\u14c2\u1466. IMO-\u146f\u1466 \u140a\u1405\u14da\u14c2\u158f\u1466\u1455 \u1450\u14f4\u1405\u14aa\u1583\u144e\u148c\u14d0\u14c2\u1483 \u157f\u14c2\u1550\u14c2\u14c2 \u1405\u1403\u14aa\u14c7\u1550\u1450\u14d5\u1546\u14c2\u1550\u14a5\u14d7 (NCSR)\u1472\u144e\u14aa\u1529\u1466 \u1405\u14d0\u14c2\u1450\u14c2\u1583\u1550\u146f\u1466 \u140a\u1550\u1581\u144e\u14c2 \u1450\u146d\u14a7\u140a\u148d\u144e\u1583\u1550\u14c2\u14a7\u1466 \u140a\u1466\u1528\u148c\u14d5\u1550\u14ef\u14aa\u152a\u14c2 \u14ef\u14da\u1550\u152a\u140a\u14a5 \u1405\u14a5\u140a\u1550\u152a\u140a\u1466. \u14c4\u14c0\u1466 \u140a\u1555\u1466\u1450\u14ef\u14aa\u14c2\u158f\u1466 \u140a\u14ef\u1466\u1528\u1455\u1405\u1581\u1528\u1557\u1466 \u1455\u14aa\u1483\u146f\u14c4\u1593 \u1472\u144e\u14aa\u1528\u14c4\u1466, \u14c4\u1456\u14c2\u14ea\u14d7 \u140a\u1550\u1581\u144e\u14c2\u1483 \u1403\u14da\u152d\u1405\u1466\u14f1\u144e\u1483 \u1405\u14a5\u140a\u1550\u152a\u140a\u1466 \u140a\u1405\u14da\u14c2\u158f\u14d0\u14c4\u1466. \u1406\u1466\u1451\u144e\u148b\u1466\u14f1\u148b\u1466 \u140b\u1550\u157f\u14ef\u14aa\u1405\u144e\u1583\u1548\u144e\u158f\u1466 Bering Strait Traffic Separation Scheme (TSS), \u1403\u14c2\u148b\u152d\u1405\u152a\u1466 \u1405\u1438\u1466\u1455\u1405\u144c\u14d5\u148b\u140a\u14d6\u1466 (ATBAs), \u14f1\u1472\u1466\u1451\u1555\u1405\u148b\u140a\u1583\u1595\u158f\u1450\u1403\u14ea\u14d7 \u1403\u14c4\u1555\u140a\u14d7\u1403\u1466 \u14c4\u14c7\u1583\u1550\u1555\u158f\u14d0\u14c2. \u140a\u14a5\u14f1\u1466 \u144c\u14a3\u1466\u1450\u1490\u14d3\u1466 \u140b\u1550\u157f\u14ef\u14aa\u1405\u144e\u1583\u1450\u1403\u14d0\u14c7\u1546\u140a\u1583\u1550\u14a5\u152a\u1466 \u14c7\u1405\u1483\u146f\u1450\u1403\u14d0\u14c7\u1585 \u1403\u14c4\u1403\u1466 \u14c4\u14c8\u14d0\u14c2, \u1406\u1466\u1451\u144e\u148b\u14d7\u148d \u14f1\u1550\u1543\u14c2\u1550\u1455\u1583\u14ea\u14d7\u140a\u158f\u1466\u1450\u1466 \u1405\u14a5\u140a\u1550\u152a\u140a\u1466 \u1403\u158f\u1550\u154b\u1555\u158f\u1466 \u1431\u148b\u140a\u1550\u144e\u1455\u1405\u14c2\u1593 \u1472\u14c7\u1455\u14a5.<\/p>&#13;\n<p><a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/12B2D17E-4475-4CBF-8A2D-884E42C48DB9#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\">[8]<\/a> \u1403\u14c4\u1403\u1466 \u1405\u146d\u1405\u1550\u1455\u1450\u14a5\u1405\u1591\u1583\u144e\u148c\u1466 \u1472\u144e\u14aa\u14aa\u14c2\u1593 2022 \u1403\u14d7\u14ea\u14d5\u14f5\u1466 \u1405\u1583\u14bb\u14aa\u1546\u14d0\u14c2\u1593 \u140a\u14ea\u14da\u14ef\u14aa\u152a\u1466 \u140a\u1555\u1466\u1450\u14ef\u14aa\u14c2\u1593 38<\/p><\/p>\n\n<p>\u1405\u14a5\u140a\u1550\u152a\u140a\u1466 \u14f1\u1472\u1466\u1450\u14a5\u1483 \u1403\u1550\u1438\u144e\u1546\u148d\u14d0\u14c7\u1581\u1466 \u14f1\u1472\u1466\u1450\u140a\u14d7\u14bb\u14a5\u1483 \u140a\u14a5\u14f1\u1595\u1591\u1548\u14d0\u14c7\u1450\u14c2\u1483 \u1406\u14aa\u152a\u14c2\u1483 \u1403\u14aa\u1555\u14bb\u14a5\u1466 \u1403\u14aa\u1555\u14bb\u14a7\u1466 \u140a\u14ef\u140a\u14c4\u1466 \u140a\u1405\u14da\u1466\u14f1\u144e\u1483 \u14f1\u1483\u146f\u144e\u1546\u148d\u14d0\u14c7\u1450\u14c2\u1483. \u14ef\u1405\u154b\u1550\u1455\u1583\u1550\u14c2\u1593 \u1403\u14aa\u1405\u1449 \u1403\u14aa\u1550\u1451\u144e\u1405\u1557\u1585 \u1403\u14aa\u1550\u14a5 \u1455\u1546\u1405\u1550\u14a5\u14d8\u14d0\u14c3\u1466 \u14f1\u14c7\u1455\u1583\u1595\u158f\u1450\u14c4\u1466 \u1405\u14a5\u140a\u1550\u152a\u140a\u14a7\u1466 \u14c4\u14ea\u14da\u1593\u144e\u1466\u14ef\u14ef\u140a\u1550\u14c2\u14a7\u1466 \u140a\u14c2\u140a\u152d\u1550\u144e\u14ef\u14c2\u1550\u14a7\u14d7 \u1403\u14aa\u1550\u14a7\u1466 \u1403\u14d5\u14ea\u14d7\u1450\u1403\u14c2\u1550\u14a7\u1466 \u1405\u14ef\u152d\u1466\u14f4\u14c2\u1483. \u1403\u14aa\u1550\u14a5 \u1431\u152a\u1466 \u1431\u1548\u1550\u1438\u14d5\u140a\u14f2\u1466 \u1405\u14a5\u140a\u1550\u152a\u140a\u14a7\u1466 \u14c2\u1431\u1466\u14f1\u144e\u1483 \u1403\u14c2\u1466\u14f4\u152d\u1546\u1595\u158f\u1455\u14a5\u14c2 \u1472\u1455\u1490\u1550\u14f1\u144e\u1483. \u14ef\u1405\u154b\u1550\u1455\u1583\u1550\u14c2\u1593\u14c4\u1466 \u1403\u14aa\u1405\u1449 \u140a\u158f\u1583\u144e\u148c\u14d0\u14c2\u1585 (BWC), \u14c4\u1403\u1455\u1405\u14ef\u14aa\u152a\u1585 2017-\u14a5, \u144e\u14d5\u1528\u14ef\u14aa\u1405\u144e\u1405\u1557\u1585 \u1405\u14a5\u140a\u1550\u152a\u140a\u14c4\u1466 \u1432\u1526\u148b\u140a\u1583\u1550\u14c2\u158f\u14d0\u14c2\u1483 \u1406\u14aa\u152a\u14c2\u1483 \u14c2\u1431\u1595\u1593\u152a\u14c2\u1483 \u1405\u14ef\u158f\u140a\u14da\u1405\u154b\u14ef\u1483, \u1405\u14a5\u140a\u1550\u152a\u140a\u14d5\u14ab\u14ea\u14d7 \u144c\u14a3\u1466\u1450\u14d5\u1546\u1405\u144e\u1583\u1546\u140a\u1583\u1550\u14f1\u144e\u1483 2024-\u14a5. \u1455\u14aa\u1483\u146f\u14c4\u1593\u14d5\u1593\u152a\u1466 \u1450\u146d\u14a7\u140a\u148d\u144f\u1466 \u14c4\u1455\u1405\u14ef\u14d5\u1550\u1455\u1405\u14ef\u14aa\u152a\u1466 2011-\u14a5 \u1432\u1526\u14ef\u14aa\u148b\u140a\u1583\u1550\u14c2\u14a7\u1466 \u1406\u14aa\u152a\u140a\u1548\u1550\u14c2\u1483 \u14a5\u1591\u140a\u1548\u144e\u14c4\u14ea\u14d7 \u14c2\u1431\u1550\u1555\u1405\u1450\u1403\u14d0\u14c7\u1583\u152d\u1595\u158f\u1450\u14c4\u1466 \u14a5\u1591\u140a\u1550\u14ef\u14aa\u148b\u140a\u1583\u1550\u14f1\u144e\u1483, \u14ab\u14d0\u14c7\u1405\u144e\u14ea\u14d7\u148d\u14d7 \u157f\u14a5\u1550\u1548\u152d\u1405\u14c2\u1550\u14a6\u14f1\u144e\u1483 IMO-\u14a5. \u1403\u1550\u1438\u144e\u1595\u158f\u14c2\u1550\u14f4\u1405\u144e\u1466\u14ef\u148b\u140a\u1550\u14c2\u14a7\u1466 \u1406\u14aa\u152a\u14c2\u1483, \u14c4\u1455\u1405\u14ef\u14d5\u1550\u14ef\u14aa\u152a\u1585 \u1450\u146d\u14a7\u140a\u148d\u144f\u1466 \u140a\u1451\u144e\u152d\u1405\u14ea\u14da\u1546\u14f2\u1595\u158f\u148b\u140a\u14d6\u1466, \u1583\u1405\u1528\u14ed\u14d0\u14c7\u14f2\u1591\u14d7\u144e\u14d7 \u1403\u1449\u1431\u148d\u14f1\u14d0\u14c2\u14a7\u1466 \u14ef\u1405\u154b\u1550\u1455\u14d5\u14d0\u14c2\u1483 \u1403\u14aa\u1550\u14a5 \u140a\u1450\u14f2\u1466 \u140b\u1550\u157f\u14ef\u14aa\u1405\u144e\u158f\u14d0\u14c2\u1483 \u140a\u146d\u14d5\u154b\u1466\u14f4\u1456\u1550\u144e\u1455\u1405\u14f2\u1591\u14d7\u144e\u1483 \u14aa\u14d5\u1595\u158f\u1450\u1466. D2 (\u1455\u1405\u1550\u14ef\u14c2\u1585 \u1472\u14aa\u148b\u152d\u1405\u14c2\u1550\u14d7) \u140b\u1550\u157f\u14ef\u14aa\u1405\u144e \u140a\u1451\u144e\u152d\u1405\u158f\u14d0\u14c7\u1546\u140a\u14d5\u1483. \u140a\u14bb\u14aa\u14d7\u148b\u140a\u14ea\u14da\u1585, \u1405\u146d\u1405\u1550\u1455\u1450\u14a8\u14d5\u1593\u152a\u1466 \u1450\u146d\u14a7\u140a\u148d\u1593\u144f\u1466 \u1455\u14aa\u158f\u14d0\u14c4\u1466 \u14ef\u1405\u154b\u1550\u1455\u14d5\u1405\u1449 \u1403\u14aa\u1405\u1449 \u140a\u1450\u1550\u1455\u1405\u14c2\u1593\u1455, \u1472\u14aa\u148b\u152d\u1405\u14c2\u1593\u14d7 \u140a\u14bb\u14aa\u14d7 \u1431\u1548\u1550\u14ef\u14aa\u14c3\u1466 \u1431\u148b\u152d\u1405\u148b\u140a\u14d6\u1466.  <\/p>\n\n<p><p style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>\u1403\u14f1\u14d5\u148d\u144e\u158f\u1466 \u1583\u14c4\u1403\u14d5\u14c2\u140a\u1550\u14c2\u158f\u14ea\u14d7 \u146d\u1591\u14c2\u140a\u148d\u1466 <\/strong><\/p><\/p>\n\n<p>\u140a\u158f\u1583\u144e\u148c\u148d\u144e\u1405\u14ef\u14aa\u144e\u14ea\u14d7\u148d \u144e\u14d5\u1528\u14ef\u14aa\u1405\u144e \u1455\u146f\u14d0\u14c7\u1548\u14ef\u1583\u1550\u14c2\u14d7, ICC \u1403\u14da\u1405\u14d5\u1550\u144e\u14c2\u1593 IMO-\u14a5 \u1403\u14a3\u14d8\u1548\u14aa\u14da\u1593\u1557\u1585: <\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u140a\u1466\u1455\u14c0\u14d5\u144e\u1466\u14ef\u14c2\u1585 \u140a\u144c\u14d0\u14c7\u1450\u14a5\u1483 \u146d\u14a1\u1490\u1450\u1550\u144e\u1583\u1550\u14c2\u14a7\u1466 IMO-\u146f\u14c2 2025-\u14a5<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u14f1\u1550\u1581\u1403\u14ef\u14ef\u14aa\u14c2\u1585 \u140a\u1450\u1550\u1455\u1405\u14c2\u1593\u14c2\u1483 \u14c4\u14c7\u1583\u1550\u1584\u14ef\u14aa\u152a\u1466 \u1583\u1405\u1528\u14aa\u1405\u14ef\u158f\u1466\u1455 \u1403\u14c2\u14d5\u14ab\u158f\u14d0\u14c2 IMO-\u146f\u1466 \u1431\u14c7\u14f1\u1466\u1455\u158f\u14d0\u14c2<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u1405\u1584\u14da\u14c2\u1585 \u14ef\u14da\u1405\u1449 \u1583\u14c4\u1403\u1466\u1451\u14c2\u1593\u14c4\u1466 \u1583\u14c4\u1403\u14d8\u1548\u144e\u1466\u14f4\u1583\u1550\u14c2\u14a7\u1466 \u1450\u1595\u1593\u1555\u14d5\u14d0\u14c2\u1483 \u14c7\u14ea\u14d5\u1581\u140a\u1547\u1483\u146f\u1466 \u140a\u14ef\u1466\u1528\u14c2\u1550\u14c4\u1466 \u1450\u1595\u1593\u1555\u158f\u14d0\u14c2 \u1450\u1466\u1455\u1555\u1405\u144e\u14ea\u14d7\u148b\u1466 \u14c4\u14c7\u1583\u1550\u1584\u14ef\u14aa\u152a\u1466<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u1431\u14c7\u14f1\u14d0\u14c2\u1585 \u14c4\u1591\u144e\u1546\u148b\u140a\u1550\u14c2\u14a7\u1466 \u14f1\u1483\u146f\u144e\u1546\u152a\u1466 \u1403\u14aa\u1550\u14a5 \u14f1\u1550\u1559\u146f\u1466 \u157f\u1550\u14c2\u1455\u14c2\u14ea\u14d7 \u1433\u152a\u14f2\u14c2, \u14c4\u1591\u144e\u1546\u148b\u140a\u1550\u14c2\u1585 \u14f1\u1472\u1466\u1450\u14a5\u1483 \u140a\u14a5\u14f1\u1595\u1591\u148d\u14d0\u14c7\u1450\u14c2\u1483 \u1406\u14aa\u152a\u14c2\u1483, \u146d\u14a1\u1490\u1450\u1550\u14c2\u14d7 \u1405\u14a5\u140a\u1550\u152a\u140a\u1466 \u140a\u1405\u14da\u14c2\u158f\u14d0\u14c2\u1483 \u140a\u1550\u1581\u14f5\u1550\u144c\u14d5\u14c2\u1483\u146f\u1466 \u1403\u14c4\u14f1\u1403\u14d0\u14c0\u1466 \u140a\u1450\u14f2\u158f\u148d\u1466 \u1403\u14c4\u1403\u1466 \u14c4\u14c8\u14d0\u14c2 <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n<p> <\/p>\n\n<p> <\/p>\n\n<p> <\/p>\n\n<p> <\/p>\n\n<p> <\/p>\n\n<p> <\/p>\n\n<p> <\/p>\n\n<p> <\/p>\n\n<p> 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